This directory contains several files for programs that are tutorial and/or useful. If you are new to CWEB, read "wc.w" first; it's a typical example of CWEB applied to system programming. The Makefile on this directory is a generic way to build applications written in CWEB. Say, for example, "make wc" to get an executable program "wc" from wc.w. Say "make wc.dvi" to get a printable listing of its documentation. The program "wc" is a slight improvement over UNIX's standard word-count utility. (Try it, for example, with "wc *".) The treeprint program, by Norman Ramsey, generates tree-structured representations of file hierarchies. To use it, say "make treeprint.run" and then find dir -type p -print | sort | treeprint (on a UNIX system), where dir is a directory with interesting subdirectories. The wmerge program, by Silvio Levy, produces a single CWEB file from a given CWEB file and a change file. It expands any "web include" (@i) specifications in the original CWEB file. To use it, say "make wmerge.run" and then, e.g., "wmerge foo.w bar.ch > foobar.w". Both CTANGLE and CWEAVE already accept change files, so you need not merge anything yourself in normal day-to-day operations; but wmerge can be useful in connection with the spelling checker described below. If you intend to read the source code of CTANGLE and CWEAVE, you may well wish to read wmerge.w first, or the hardcopy version obtained from "make wmerge.dvi"; it is similar but much simpler. The extex and wordtest programs, by Don Knuth, are useful spellcheckers. After "make extex.run" say also "ln extex excweb"; this gives you two filter programs, extex and excweb, that remove extraneous material from TeX and CWEB source files, respectively. To use them, you can say for example cat foo.w | excweb | spell (or replace "cat foo.w" with "wmerge foo.w bar.ch"). A similar pipeline for TeX files would be cat foo.tex | extex | spell Even better is to replace "spell" by "wordtest /usr/local/lib/dict/words", if you have a suitable dictionary. One such dictionary in the public domain can be found in directory ~ftp/pub/dict at ftp.cs.stanford.edu, available via anonymous ftp. To make your own dictionary from given ones, cat dict1 dict2 dict3 dict4 | wordtest > words is quick and effective. See the documentation of wordtest for more info. A file kspell.el that provides an emacs user interface to extex+excweb+wordtest also appears in this directory. (Somebody should write ELWEB...) The files xview_types.w and xlib_types.w are examples of @i (include) files that can be used when writing XView programs. They are based on the header files in OpenWindows Version 3.0. An example XView application appears in Knuth's program oemacs.w, which he uses for heavy emacsing. It's not very portable, but if you have OpenWindows3 and a Sun Type-4 keyboard you may like it as much as he does. (It replaces "emacstool".) The file oemacs.el goes with it.